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PAPYRUS 11
Papyrus 11 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) signed by P11, is a copy of a part of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the First Epistle to the Corinthians. It contains fragments 1 Corinthians 1:17-22; 2:9-12.14; 3:1-3,5-6; 4:3; 5:5-5.7-8; 6:5-9.11-18; 7:3-6.10-11.12-14. Only some portions of the codex can be read.[1] Comfort tells us that “P11 was the first Papyrus codex brought to light. Tischendorf saw it in 1862 and dated it as ‘late fourth or early fifth century.’ (Being that it is part of the same codex as P14 (see below), P11 probably came from St. Catherine’s Monastery.) Harris dated the manuscript to the fifth century. I would date it the same as Tischendorf did; it is late fourth (or possibly early fifth) century because of its unmistakeable likeness to P112.” – Philip Wesley Comfort and David P. Barrett, THE TEXT OF THE EARLIEST NEW TESTAMENT MANUSCRIPTS: Papyri 75-139 and Uncials, Vol. 2 (English and Greek Edition) (Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel Academic, 2019), 383.
Russian National Library (Gr. 258A) in Saint-Petersburg
Cite
K. Aland, Neutestamentliche Papyri NTS 3 (1957), pp. 267-278.
Shelf Number
Gr. 258A
Type
Alexandrian text-type
Category
II
The Greek text of this codex is representative of the Alexandrian text-type.[4] Aland[5] placed it in Category II.[6]The manuscript palaeographically[2] had been assigned to the 7th century.[3] It has now been dated to the 4th-5th centuries.
In 1 Corinthians 7:5 it reads τη προσευχη (prayer) – along with P46, א*, A, B, C, D, F, G, P, Ψ, 6,[7] 33, 81,[8] 104,[9] 181,[10] 629,[11] 630,[12] 1739,[13] 1877, 1881, 1962, it vg, cop, arm, eth; other manuscripts have reading τη νηστεια και τη προσευχη (fasting and prayer) or τη προσευχη και νηστεια (prayer and fasting).[14]
It is currently housed at the Russian National Library[16] (Gr. 258A) in Saint-Petersburg.[17]
PAPYRUS 14
Papyrus 14 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 1036 (in the Soden’s numbering), signed by P14, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus[18] manuscript written in form of a codex. The manuscript palaeographically has been assigned to the 5th century.[19]
P14 Papyrus 14 1 Corinthians 1-3
1 Corinthians 1-3
Name
St. Catherine’s I4
Text
1 Corinthians 1-3
Date
4th-5th cent. C.E.
Script
Greek
Found
Mount Sinai, Rendel Harris
Now at
Saint Catherine’s Monastery
Cite
James Rendel Harris, Biblical Fragments from Mount Sinai I, (London 1890), pp. 54-56
MS Feature
Fragmentary
Type
Alexandrian text-type
Category
II
The manuscript contains the text of the First Epistle to the Corinthians (1:25-27; 2:6-8; 3:8-10; 3:19-20). The manuscript is written in 1 column per page.
The Greek text of this codex is representative of the Alexandrian text-type. Aland placed it in Category II.
It was discovered in Saint Catherine’s Monastery[20] on Mount Sinai[21] in Egypt by J. Rendel Harris,[22] who published its text in 1890. It was also examined by Schofield.[23]
The manuscript currently is housed at the Saint Catherine’s Monastery (Harris 14).[24]
[2]Palaeography (UK) or paleography is the study of historic writing systems and the deciphering and dating of historical manuscripts, including the analysis of historic handwriting. It is concerned with the forms and processes of writing, not the textual content of documents. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing, and books were produced, and the history of scriptoria.
[3] Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 96.
[4] The Alexandrian text-type is one of several text types found among New Testament manuscripts. It is the text type favored by textual critics and it is the basis for most modern Bible translations. The name of the text type comes from Codex Alexandrinus, a manuscript of this type.
[5]Kurt Aland was a German theologian and biblical scholar who specialized in New Testament textual criticism. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director from 1959–83. He was one of the principal editors of Nestle-Aland – Novum Testamentum Graece for the Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft and The Greek New Testament for the United Bible Societies.
[6] Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 96.
New Testament manuscripts in Greek are categorized into five groups, according to a scheme introduced in 1981 by Kurt and Barbara Aland in The text of the New Testament. The categories are based on how each manuscript relates to the various text-types. Generally speaking, earlier Alexandrian manuscripts are category I, while later Byzantine manuscripts are category V. Aland’s method involved considering 1000 passages where the Byzantine text differs from non-Byzantine text. The Alands did not select their 1000 readings from all of the NT books; for example, none were drawn from Matthew and Luke.
[7]Minuscule 6, δ 356 (Soden). It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 235 parchment leaves, dated palaeographically to the 13th century. The manuscript has complex contents and full marginalia. It was adapted for liturgical use.
[8]Minuscule 81, or α162 is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1044. Formerly it was labelled by 61a and 61p (Gregory). The manuscript is lacunose. It was adapted for liturgical use.
[9]Minuscule 104, α 103 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.
[10]Minuscule 181, α 101 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.
[11]Minuscule 629, α 460, is a Latin–Greek diglot minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is known as Codex Ottobonianus. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It is known for the Comma Johanneum.
[12]Minuscule 630, α 461, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. It is known as Codex Ottobonianus. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th or 13th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Formerly it was labeled by 163a and 201p.
[13]Minuscule 1739, α 78, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 102 parchment leaves. It is dated paleographically to the 10th century.
[15] F. H. A. Scrivener, A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament (London 1894), p. 186.
[16] The National Library of Russia in Saint Petersburg, is not only the oldest public library in the nation, but also the first national library in the country. The NLR is currently ranked among the world’s major libraries. It has the second richest library collection in the Russian Federation, a treasury of national heritage, and is the All-Russian Information, Research, and Cultural Center. Over the course of its history, the Library has aimed for comprehensive acquisition of the national printed output and has provided free access to its collections. It should not be confused with the Russian State Library, located in Moscow.
[17] Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 96.
“Handschriftenliste”. Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved Saturday, December 26, 2020.
Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), is the second-largest city in Russia. The city is situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, with a population of roughly 5.4 million residents. It is the fourth-most populous city in Europe, the most populous city on the Baltic Sea, as well as the world’s northernmost city with over 1 million residents. As an important Russian port on the Baltic Sea, it is governed as a federal city.
[18]Papyrus is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing surface. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined together side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.
[19] Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 97.
[20]Saint Catherine’s Monastery, officially Sacred Monastery of the God-Trodden Mount Sinai, is an Eastern Orthodox monastery located on the Sinai Peninsula, at the mouth of a gorge at the foot of Mount Sinai, near the town of Saint Catherine, Egypt. The monastery is named after Catherine of Alexandria.
[21]Mount Sinai, traditionally known as Jabal Musa, is a mountain in the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt that is a possible location of the biblical Mount Sinai, the place where Moses received the Ten Commandments.
[22]James Rendel Harris was an English biblical scholar and curator of manuscripts, who was instrumental in bringing back to light many Syriac Scriptures and other early documents. His contacts at the Saint Catherine’s Monastery on Mount Sinai in Egypt enabled twin sisters Agnes Smith Lewis and Margaret Dunlop Gibson to discover there the Sinaitic Palimpsest, the oldest Syriac New Testament document in existence. He subsequently accompanied them on a second trip, with Robert Bensly and Francis Crawford Burkitt, to decipher the palimpsest. He himself discovered there other manuscripts. Harris’s Biblical Fragments from Mount Sinai appeared in 1890. He was a Quaker.
[23] Ellwood M. Schofield, The Papyrus Fragments of the Greek New Testament, Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, Louisville, 1936, pp. 168-170.
[24]“Handschriftenliste”. Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved Saturday, December 26, 2020.
