Christian Publishing House Blog
Apologetic Defense of the faith, the Bible, and Christianity
Textual criticism of the New Testament is the identification of textual variants. or different versions of the New Testament, whose goals include identification of transcription errors, analysis of versions, and attempts to reconstruct the original text.
Are these verses original, and if so what did the apostle Paul mean for women to keep silent in the congregations? Are the women not to speak at all?
Papyrus 23 is designated P23. It is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Epistle of James, it contains only James 1:10-12,15-18. The manuscript paleographically has been assigned to 175-225 A.D.
Why do people feel compelled to end with this assertive doxology? Probably for the same reason that motivated some early scribes to add it.
We certainly have a case of theological bias in our midst from all translations, except two.
Papyrus 22 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by P22, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Gospel of John, only containing extant John 15:25-16:2, 21–32. The manuscript has been paleographically assigned to 200-250 A.D.
Papyrus 17 (P17) is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Epistle to the Hebrews, but only contains verses 9:12-19.
Papyrus 18 (P18) is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is similar to P9 and P24 and has the highest agreement with C, followed by א and A. It is a papyrus manuscript containing the beginning of the Book of Revelation.
Papyrus 19 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), signed by P19, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. The manuscript paleographically has been assigned to the 250-300 A.D.
The handwriting has many similarities with P. Egerton 4 (2 Chronicles) of the third century, and even more so with P27, which may be the work of the same scribe.