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Introduction to the Christian View of Man

The Christian view of man is deeply rooted in the Biblical narrative, which provides a comprehensive understanding of human nature, purpose, and destiny. This perspective is distinct from secular views, as it incorporates divine revelation and theological insights that shape the believer’s understanding of humanity. The essence of the Christian view of man can be encapsulated in three primary areas: the creation of man, the fall of man, and the redemption of man through Jesus Christ.

The Creation of Man

According to the Bible, man was created by Jehovah in His own image. This foundational belief is articulated in Genesis 1:26-27: “Then God said, ‘Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.’ So God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them” (UASV). This passage highlights the unique status of humanity in creation, emphasizing both the dignity and responsibility bestowed upon man.

Being made in the image of God, humans possess attributes that reflect the divine nature. These include rationality, morality, creativity, relationality, and the capacity for spiritual communion with God. The imago Dei (image of God) doctrine asserts that every human life has intrinsic value and worth, which forms the basis for Christian ethics and human rights.

The Fall of Man

The Christian view of man also acknowledges the fall, a historical event described in Genesis 3 that has profound implications for human nature and experience. Adam and Eve’s disobedience brought sin and death into the world, corrupting the perfect creation and severing the harmonious relationship between God and man. Romans 5:12 explains, “Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned” (UASV).

The fall introduced a fundamental distortion in human nature, leading to moral and spiritual depravity. This doctrine of original sin posits that all humans inherit a sinful nature, making them inclined to rebel against God’s will. The consequences of sin are evident in various forms of suffering, injustice, and brokenness in the world. Yet, the fall is not the final word on humanity, as it sets the stage for God’s redemptive plan.

The Redemption of Man

Central to the Christian view of man is the belief in redemption through Jesus Christ. The New Testament presents Jesus as the second Adam, who succeeded where the first Adam failed. Through His life, death, and resurrection, Jesus provides the means for humanity’s reconciliation with God. Romans 5:18-19 states, “Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous” (UASV).

Redemption in Christ involves several key elements:

Justification: This is the act of being declared righteous before God. Through faith in Jesus, believers are acquitted of their sins and granted the righteousness of Christ (Romans 3:21-26).
Sanctification: This process involves being made holy and conformed to the image of Christ. It is a lifelong journey of growth in grace and godliness (Philippians 2:12-13).
Adoption: Believers are adopted into God’s family, becoming children of God and co-heirs with Christ (Romans 8:15-17).
Glorification: The ultimate hope of Christians is the future resurrection and transformation of their bodies, resulting in eternal life with God (1 Corinthians 15:50-57).

The Purpose of Man

The Christian view of man encompasses not only his nature and redemption but also his purpose. According to the Westminster Shorter Catechism, “Man’s chief end is to glorify God and to enjoy Him forever.” This succinct statement captures the dual aspects of man’s purpose: worship and fellowship with God.

Worship: Man is created to glorify God, reflecting His character and attributes through obedience, service, and praise. Worship is both a personal and communal activity, involving the entirety of one’s life.
Fellowship: Man is designed for relationship with God and others. The Christian community, or the Church, is a manifestation of this fellowship, providing support, accountability, and encouragement to believers.

The Dignity and Worth of Man

The doctrine of imago Dei underpins the Christian affirmation of human dignity and worth. Every person, regardless of race, gender, or social status, bears the image of God and deserves respect and honor. This belief has profound implications for social justice, human rights, and ethical behavior. Christians are called to love their neighbors, advocate for the oppressed, and work towards a just and compassionate society.

The Christian View of Man and Contemporary Issues

The Christian view of man provides a robust framework for addressing contemporary issues. In areas such as bioethics, sexuality, and environmental stewardship, the principles derived from the imago Dei and biblical teachings guide ethical decision-making.

Bioethics: Issues like abortion, euthanasia, and genetic engineering are evaluated based on the inherent value of human life. The sanctity of life from conception to natural death is upheld, and medical practices are scrutinized to ensure they align with the dignity of the person.
Sexuality: Human sexuality is understood as a gift from God, intended to be expressed within the covenant of marriage between one man and one woman. Sexual ethics are grounded in the biblical narrative, affirming the goodness of sex while setting boundaries to protect its sanctity.
Environmental Stewardship: As stewards of God’s creation, humans are responsible for caring for the environment. This involves sustainable practices, conservation efforts, and addressing climate change, recognizing that creation reflects God’s glory and should be preserved for future generations.

The Christian Response to Human Suffering

The problem of suffering is a significant challenge to the Christian view of man. However, Christianity offers a unique perspective that combines both realism and hope. Suffering is acknowledged as a consequence of the fall, yet it is also seen as an opportunity for growth and dependence on God. The presence of Christ in the midst of suffering provides comfort and strength, and the promise of future redemption offers hope for ultimate restoration.

WHY GOD? The Problem of Evil and Suffering?

Romans 8:18-25 highlights this dual aspect of suffering and hope: “For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed to us. For the creation waits with eager longing for the revealing of the sons of God… For we know that the whole creation has been groaning together in the pains of childbirth until now. And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies.”

BIBLICAL INSIGHTS: Why Do Good People Suffer?

Conclusion

The Christian view of man offers a comprehensive and coherent understanding of human nature, purpose, and destiny. Rooted in the biblical narrative, it affirms the dignity and worth of every person, recognizes the reality of sin and its consequences, and proclaims the hope of redemption through Jesus Christ. This view provides a solid foundation for addressing contemporary ethical issues, responding to human suffering, and living a life that glorifies God and enjoys His presence forever.

About the Author

Alfred Ernest Garvie was a Congregational minister and seminary professor. He is the author of The Ritschlian Theology and A Handbook of Christian Apologetics.