Explores how Alexandrian, Western, and Byzantine textual families emerged, how shared errors reveal their relationships, and how early papyri confirm the reliability of the New Testament text.
The Phenomenon of Itacism in Greek New Testament Manuscripts
Explores itacism in Greek New Testament manuscripts, showing that vowel-shift spelling errors are predictable, corrected, and doctrinally irrelevant.
Harmonization in the Gospel Manuscripts
An examination of harmonization in the Gospel manuscripts, highlighting Alexandrian resistance, papyrus evidence, and the role of harmonized readings in textual groupings.
Nomina Sacra and the Transmission of the Divine Name
A study of the nomina sacra system and how early Christian scribes used sacred abbreviations to transmit the Divine Name and preserve the New Testament text.
The Role of Corrections in Codex Sinaiticus
An analysis of the corrections in Codex Sinaiticus and what they reveal about Alexandrian transmission and textual stability.
Scribal Habits in the Early New Testament Papyri
A detailed examination of scribal habits in the early New Testament papyri and their role in preserving the Alexandrian text.
Transmission of the Greek New Testament Text: Autographs, Early Copies, Scribal Hands, Scribal Changes, and the Recovery of the Original Wording
Early papyri and the great codices show a stable Greek New Testament text, transmitted carefully and recoverable by prioritizing the best, earliest documentary evidence.
Collation and Classification of New Testament Manuscripts: Reasons, Methods, and Scholarly Use
Collation grounds New Testament textual criticism by recording real differences, revealing manuscript relationships, and guiding reliable editorial decisions.
The Practice of New Testament Textual Criticism: How to Read a Critical Apparatus and Resolve Key Variants
Learn how to read a New Testament critical apparatus and see major variants resolved by early papyri and Alexandrian witnesses with disciplined, documentary method.
The Age of the Critical Text of the New Testament
The critical text is ancient in substance, rooted in second–third century papyri and early codices, not a modern invention or a late editorial recension.

